Association of Maternal Serum Nesfatin-1 Level with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a highly prevalent disease characterized by a disorder in glucose and insulin metabolism first recognized during pregnancy. In Bangladesh, there is an increasing burden of GDM that substantially impacts maternal and fetal health through its short- and long-term consequences. Nesfatin-1 is an anorexigenic peptide secreted by peripheral tissues and also the central and peripheral nervous systems. It stimulates glucagon and insulin secretion thereby a reduction in serum Nesfatin-1 level could impact on the regulation of blood sugar levels during pregnancy.

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the association betweenmaternalserum Nesfatin-1 level and GDM.

Methods: This case-control study was carried out in the Department of Fetomaternal Medicine, in collaboration with the Department of Biochemistry Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka during the period between October 2021 to September 2022. The study included 48 diagnosed (according to WHO 2013 criteria) women with GDM as cases and 48 healthy pregnant women without GDM as the controls. Then Maternal serum Nesfatin-1 level was measured. Descriptive and inferential analysis was done using the analytic software SPSS 27.0 for Windows.